Probability
- An Overview — the probability scale, the four rules and the common mistakes
The 9 National Curriculum subtopics
- P1 · Recording Outcomes: Tables and Frequency Trees — frequency tables, two-way tables and frequency trees
- P2 · Randomness, Fairness and Expected Outcomes — predicting how often an event should happen
- P3 · The Probability Scale and Relative Frequency — theoretical versus experimental probability
- P4 · Exhaustive and Mutually Exclusive Events — probabilities summing to one, and the complement rule
- P5 · Experimental Probability and Sample Size — why bigger samples are better, and detecting bias
- P6 · Listing Outcomes Systematically — the product rule, Venn diagrams and set notation
- P7 · Sample Space Diagrams — grids for two dice, spinners and combined experiments
- P8 · Combined Events and Tree Diagrams — independent and dependent events, with and without replacement
- P9 · Conditional Probability — two-way tables, Venn diagrams and reversing a conditional
Each page contains step-by-step explanations, several worked examples and ten practice questions with fully worked solutions. All pages are self-contained HTML files that can be downloaded and used offline.
Practice papers
Printable A4 practice papers. Each paper has 10 foundation-level questions and 10 higher-level questions, with the easiest first and the hardest last, and comes with a second PDF that works through every question step by step.